Forms of Social Differentiation
The grouping of people forms eight social differentiation criteria.
Racial Differentiation
Race is a group of people who share the same physical characteristics of the cloud. Racial differentiation means grouping people according to their physical characteristics, not their culture.
Broadly speaking, humans are divided into races as follows:
According to A.L. Krober
Austroloid, including indigenous Australians (Aboriginal)
Mongoloid
Asiatic Mongoloid (North Asia, Central Asia and East Asia)
Malayan Mongoloid (Southeast Asia, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, native of Taiwan)
American Mongoloid (Native American)
Caucasian
Nordic (Northern Europe, around the Baltic Sea)
Alpine (Central Europe and Eastern Europe)
Mediterranean (around Central, North Africa, Armenia, Arabic, Iran)
Indic (Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka)
Negroid
African Negroid (African Continent)
Negrito (Central Africa, Malay Peninsula known as Semang, Philippines)
Melanesian (Irian, Melanesia)
Special races (cannot be classified into four main races)
Bushman (Kalahari desert, South Africa)
Veddoid (inland Sri Langka, South Sulawesi)
Polynesian (islands of Micronesia and Polynesia)
Ainu (on the islands of Hokkaido and Karafuto Japan)
Various Types of Race-Staying-in-the World
Types of Race Live in the World
According to Ralph Linton
Mongoloid, with the characteristics of yellow to brown skin, straight hair, slight body hair, slanted eyes (especially Asian Mongoloid). The Mongoloid race was divided into two, namely the Asian and Indian Mongoloid. Mongoloid Asia consists of Chinese sub-races (consisting of Japanese, Taiwanese, Vietnamese) and Malay sub-races. The Malay Sub-Race consists of Malaysians, Indonesians, and Mongoloid Indians consisting of Indians in America.
Caucasoid, has the physical characteristics of sharp nose, white skin, blond hair to blackish brown, and eyelids. This race consists of Nordic, Alpin, Mediterranean, Armenian and Indian Sub Race.
Negroid, with physical characteristics of curly hair, black skin, thick lips and straight eyelids. This race is divided into Negrito, Nilitz, Jungle Negro, Oceanic Negro and Hotentot-Boysesman Sub Race.
How about Indonesia ?
What sub-races inhabit our country?
Indonesia is inhabited by a variety of Sub Races as follows:
Negrito, the Semang ethnic group in the Malay Peninsula and its surroundings.
Veddoid, namely the Sakai tribe in Riau, Kubu in South Sumatra, Toala and Tomuna in
Neo Melanosoid, the inhabitants of the Kei islands and
Malay, which consists of two:
Old Malay (Proto Malay), namely Batak, Toraja and Dayak people
Young Malay (Deutro Melayu), namely Acehnese, Minang, Bugis / Makasar, Javanese, Sundanese,
Ethnic Differentiation (Ethnic)
What is meant by ethnicity or ethnicity?
According to Hassan Shadily MA, ethnicity or ethnicity is a group of people who are still considered to have biological relations. Ethnic differentiation is a humanologization based on the same biological features, such as race. But ethnicity has another most basic characteristic, namely cultural similarity. Ethnic groups have the following similarities:
Physical characteristics - art
Regional languages - customs
Ethnic groups in Indonesia include:
on the island of Sumatra: Aceh, Batak, Minangkabau, Bengkulu, Jambi,
Palembang, Malay, etc.;
on the island of Java: Sundanese, Javanese, Tengger ,;
on Kalimantan Island: Dayak, Banjar ,;
on Sulawesi Island: Bugis, Makasar, Toraja, Minahasa, Toli-toli,
Bolaang-Mangondow, Gorontalo, etc .;
in Kep. Nusa Tenggara: Bali, Bima, Lombok, Flores, Timor, Rote,;
in Kep. Maluku and: Ternate, Tidore, Dani, Asmat,
How about you ? Which ethnic group? Whatever your ethnicity is no problem. What is important is that we are all good Indonesian citizens. Our differences are only physical differences, still remember that differences are beautiful?